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The role of Akt / protein kinase B in healthy and hypertrophied heart
Heleš, Mário ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (referee)
Protein kinase B, or Akt kinase is expressed in almost all tissues. Two main isoforms in heart are Akt1 and Akt2, which are responsible for regulation of metabolism, growth and survival of cardiomyocytes. Akt kinase is among other pathways stimulated by insulin receptor and mechanoreceptor cascades and its main targets are mTORC1, AMPK and GSK- 3β. Akt kinase is activated in presence of chronic hemodynamic overload of heart. In dependence of intensity and duration of overload, Akt participate in triggering of either adaptive, fully reversible hypertrophy or detrimental irreversible form of hypertrophy, which causes impairment of pumping function of heart and can lead to heart failure. Many more factors with complex interactions participate in cardiac hypertrophy beside Akt kinase. Key words: heart, hypertrophy, Akt/protein kinase B, cardiac remodeling, insulin- like growth factor
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The effect of pressure overload on developing heart.
Zábrodská, Eva ; Olejníčková, Veronika (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (referee)
The early postnatal period plays important role in heart and cardiovascular system development. The substantial increase of hemodynamic load after birth results in rapid growth and differentiation of cardiac tissue. Therefore, neonatal myocardium is characterized by specific reaction to the pathological stimuli. In adult heart, the pressure overload results to cardiac hypertrophy development. However, for the short period after the birth, the cardiac tissue possesses higher proliferative activity which could be further increased as reaction to the pressure overload. The project aims to outline current knowledge about the effect of pressure overload on developing myocardium and focused to the specific changes of heart and cardiovascular system. Key words: Neonatal myocardium, Fibrosis, Heart remodeling, Hypertrophic myocardium, Gap junction
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The role of Akt / protein kinase B in healthy and hypertrophied heart
Heleš, Mário ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (referee)
Protein kinase B, or Akt kinase is expressed in almost all tissues. Two main isoforms in heart are Akt1 and Akt2, which are responsible for regulation of metabolism, growth and survival of cardiomyocytes. Akt kinase is among other pathways stimulated by insulin receptor and mechanoreceptor cascades and its main targets are mTORC1, AMPK and GSK- 3β. Akt kinase is activated in presence of chronic hemodynamic overload of heart. In dependence of intensity and duration of overload, Akt participate in triggering of either adaptive, fully reversible hypertrophy or detrimental irreversible form of hypertrophy, which causes impairment of pumping function of heart and can lead to heart failure. Many more factors with complex interactions participate in cardiac hypertrophy beside Akt kinase. Key words: heart, hypertrophy, Akt/protein kinase B, cardiac remodeling, insulin- like growth factor
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